Saturday, September 5, 2026

Netflix’s Take a Hike! Filming Locations: Can You Hike the Same Mountains in Korea?

Netflix's new show sends four unsuspecting celebrities into Korea's top mountains in Take a Hike!
Netflix's new show sends four unsuspecting celebrities into Korea's top mountains. Photo: Netflix

Written by Kim from All About K-Content

Four unsuspecting celebrities who are not particularly interested in hiking are brought together for a new, mystery Netflix variety show. Then Na PD sends them into Korea's mountains in the middle of winter.

Their faces say everything.

Netflix's Take a Hike! follows singer Car, the Garden; DAY6 drummer Dowoon; actor Lee Chae-min; and ALLDAY PROJECT's Tarzzan as they discover just how difficult—and strangely rewarding—hiking can be. None of them starts as an experienced hiker. They complain, bargain, eat an impressive amount of food and, somewhere along the way, become a real hiking club.

The cast makes the show intriguing. But the mountains are what really drew me into the travel series.

For Koreans, hiking is an ordinary part of everyday life. Mountains are everywhere, even around Seoul. Easy accessibility means that going up a mountain and eating a large lunch at a nearby restaurant afterwards is a common routine. Watching Take a Hike!, however, reminded me how spectacular some of these familiar landscapes may look to someone seeing them for the first time.

Seoraksan's* granite peaks, Taebaeksan at sunrise, Hallasan rising over Jeju and the silver-grass ridges of the Yeongnam Alps all present different scenery, beautiful in their own ways.

*San (산) means mountain. Seoraksan = Mount Seorak.

So, can you actually hike the same mountains as the cast?

Yes. 

All of the main destinations shown through the series can be visited independently. More importantly, you do not need to recreate the cast's long winter climbs to experience them. Each area has alternatives ranging from scenic walks and relatively manageable half-day hikes to serious summit days.

This guide covers all five mountain destinations featured in the series.

*Affiliate disclosure: This post contains affiliate links. If you book through one of these links, I may earn a commission at no extra cost to you.

What Is Netflix's Take a Hike! About?

The two PDs and the four celebrities pose at a press conference.
The two PDs and the four celebrities pose at a press conference From the left—Car, the Garden, Dowoon, Park Hyun-yong, Na PD, Lee Chae-min, Tarzzan. Photo: Yonhap News

Created by Na Young-seok—better known in Korea simply as Na PD—and Park Hyun-yong, Take a Hike! begins with a simple question: why in the world would people willingly walk uphill for hours?

This is not a polished mountaineering documentary. It is a Korean variety show about four beginners discovering the answer one climb at a time.

Car, the Garden's running commentary is especially funny, while Dowoon, Lee Chae-min and Tarzzan gradually settle into their own roles within the group. The more mountains they climb, the warmer the chemistry becomes.

But the series also captures something recognizably Korean about hiking. There is the determination to reach the peak, of course, but also the gimbap, ramyeon and snacks along the way, the obligatory summit photos, and the discussion of what everyone is going to eat once they get back down. Ah, the choices. So many choices.

I like to say that the meal after the hike is almost more important than the hike itself. 

Take a Hike! Mountains at a Glance


1. Seoraksan: The Cast's Brutal Introduction to Hiking

Mt. Seorak's beautiful winter view.
Mt. Seorak's beautiful winter view. Photo: Korea Tourism Organization.

Take a Hike! does not ease the cast into mountain life.

For their first challenge, the members are sent to Seoraksan National Park, where they face a roughly 10-hour winter course in a wind chill of minus 27.5°C. 

It is a fairly cruel introduction to hiking.

It also makes for spectacular television.

Seoraksan rises behind Sokcho on Korea's east coast and is one of the country's best-known national parks. Its highest peak, Daecheongbong, reaches 1,708 meters, surrounded by steep valleys and enormous formations of exposed granite.

Fortunately, visiting Seoraksan does not mean you have to hike 10 hours like the cast.

What Should a First-Time Visitor Hike?

Seoraksan's breathtaking views

Seoraksan's beautiful, rocky mountains. Photo: Korea Tourism organization

For most visitors who want a proper Seoraksan hike, I would start with Ulsanbawi.

The roundtrip route is about 7.6 kilometers and takes roughly four hours. It begins at Sogongwon, passes Sinheungsa Temple and Heundeulbawi Rock, and eventually becomes much steeper as you climb toward Ulsanbawi's huge granite ridge. 

The final section involves plenty of stairs, but the payoff is the kind of view people imagine when they think of Seoraksan: rocky peaks, pristine forests, Sokcho and, on a clear day, the East Sea in the distance.

If that sounds like too much, you can still enjoy the lower part of the park around Sinheungsa and take the cable car toward Gwongeumseong.

Daecheongbong summit is another matter. Save that for a dedicated hiking day and come properly prepared.

How to Visit Seoraksan

Sokcho is known for its beautiful beaches.
Sokcho is known for its beautiful beaches. Photo: Gangwon Domin Ilbo

Sokcho is the easiest base: Intercity buses run from Seoul to Sokcho, and local buses continue from Sokcho city to the Sogongwon side of Seoraksan. A KTX (Korea's high-speed train) route between Seoul and Sokcho is scheduled to be completed in 2027 as well.

This is also one of the places where paying for a guided trip can make sense, particularly if you are short on time or staying in Seoul and do not want to work out intercity buses, local connections, and trail timing on your own.

See guided Seoraksan hikes and day trips from Seoul.

If you have the time, though, I prefer the idea of staying in Sokcho. It turns Seoraksan into part of a short east-coast trip rather than a long day spent racing back to Seoul. 

And there is an important Korean hiking rule that Take a Hike! understands very well: think about what you are going to eat afterward.

Sokcho gives you plenty of choices, including dakgangjeong, squid sundae and seafood. Sokcho Tourist and Fishery Market is an easy place to start.

With another day, you can add Sokcho Beach, Abai Village or Naksansa Temple.

Best time to go: Spring for fresh green mountains, autumn for Seoraksan's famous foliage, or winter if you specifically want a snow hike and have the right equipment.

I will be covering Seoraksan separately in much more detail, including routes for different fitness levels, getting there from Seoul and Sokcho, toilets and rest areas, food and water, seasonal conditions, and what else to see while you are in the area.

2. Taebaeksan: Chasing Sunrise


Morning sunrise at Taebaeksan summit.
Morning sunrise at Taebaeksan summit. Photo: Yeonhap News

By the time the group reaches Taebaeksan, they know what hiking feels like.

That does not necessarily make the next mission easier.

Their next mission involves climbing through darkness and snow to reach the top before sunrise. The race against the clock produces some of the strongest scenes in the series.

Cheonjedan stone altars
Cheonjedan stone altars. Photo: Gangwon Domin Ilbo

Near the summit stands Cheonjedan, a group of stone altars associated with rites to heaven that have been performed on Taebaeksan for centuries.

That gives the mountain a very different feeling from Seoraksan. The landscape is generally less jagged and dramatic, but the broad summit area, old yew trees, and Cheonjedan make it one of the more distinctive mountain hikes in Korea.

What Should Visitors Hike?

Beautiful winter scenery at Taebaeksan
Beautiful winter scenery at Taebaeksan. Photo: Gangwon Domin Ilbo

The main routes start at Danggol or Yuilsa and climb toward Janggunbong and Cheonjedan. Both work as daytime hikes. Start early and allow several hours for the return journey.

The open upper slopes change clearly with the seasons: azaleas and mountain rhododendrons in spring, deep green in summer, colorful foliage in autumn, and snow in winter. Whatever the month, pack a warm layer because the exposed summit can feel much colder than the trailhead.

Make It an Overnight Trip

Taebaek Hanwoo.
Taebaek Hanwoo. Photo: Gangwon Domin Ilbo

If you are coming from Seoul, I would stay in Taebaek the night before rather than trying to turn the mountain into a rushed day trip.

The city is reachable by train and intercity bus, and staying overnight also makes an early trail start much more realistic.

Afterward, you can follow the cast in another respect: eat Korean beef (Hanwoo). Taebaek hanwoo is one of the local specialties and makes considerably more sense after several hours on a mountain.

The Taebaek Coal Museum is also near the Danggol side of the park, while Hwangji Pond—the source of the Nakdong River—is an easy stop in the city.

Best time to go: Winter for the snow-covered scenery seen in Take a Hike!; spring or autumn if you want a more forgiving first visit.

3. Hallasan: The Mountain in the Middle of Jeju

Baengnokdam summit crater at the volcanoic Hallasan.
Baengnokdam summit crater at the volcanoic Hallasan. Photo: The Kyunghyang Shinmun

Hallasan creates one of my favorite travel moments in the series because the group does not climb the same path.

They are split up.

One pair takes a longer, steadier route while the other gets the shorter but considerably steeper option. Eventually they aim for the same place: Baengnokdam, the crater at the summit.

At 1,950 meters, Hallasan is South Korea’s highest mountain. It rises from the center of Jeju Island and gives you a completely different view of an island better known for beaches and cafés.

Seongpanak or Gwaneumsa?

The beautiful trails leading to Hallasan.
The beautiful trails leading to Hallasan. Photo: Newsis

There are two main trails that reach Baengnokdam. 

Seongpanak: Approximately 9.6 km, with a one-way travel time of about 4.5 hours. This route is longer and generally more steady. 

Gwaneumsa: Approximately 8.7 km, with a one-way travel time of about 5 hours. This route is steeper and more dramatic.

A popular plan is to climb by Seongpanak and descend by Gwaneumsa. The trailheads are in different locations, so arrange transport for both ends.

*Important for 2026: The Gwaneumsa section between Samgakbong and the summit is temporarily closed from August 1 to September 30, 2026 for safety work. During this period, Baengnokdam can only be reached through Seongpanak. Check the official Hallasan reservation site before planning your hike in case conditions or restrictions change.

The summit routes require an advance booking through the official Hallasan trail reservation site. Entry cut-off times are enforced, so start early.

That last part matters. This is not the mountain for a leisurely late breakfast followed by an 11 a.m. decision to go hiking.

You Don't Have to Reach Baengnokdam

The autumn foliage on the Yeongsil trail.
The autumn foliage on the Yeongsil trail. Photo: Yonhap News

If you want to experience Hallasan without committing most of a day to the summit, Yeongsil is a very good alternative. This route also does not require advance reservations.

The trail climbs toward Witseoreum through forest and then opens onto higher volcanic scenery. You do not reach Baengnokdam, but you still get one of Jeju's best mountain landscapes.

For many visitors, particularly those with only a few days on the island, I think that trade-off makes sense.

Hallasan is also a destination where a guided hiking experience or private transport can be useful, especially if you are concerned about an early start or getting between your accommodation and the trailhead.

Browse Hallasan and Jeju hiking experiences.

Check the itinerary carefully before booking: Some tours advertised around Hallasan visit a lower trail or viewpoint rather than hiking all the way to Baengnokdam summit.

Seogwipo Maeil Olle Market.
Seogwipo Maeil Olle Market. Photo: Korea Tourism Organization

After the mountain, you still have Jeju. Dongmun Market in Jeju City and Seogwipo Maeil Olle Market are easy places for a post-hike meal, while a longer stay can include the Jeju Olle Trail, Seongsan Ilchulbong (a beautiful coastal hike), waterfalls around Seogwipo or simply a day by the coast.

Best time to go: Spring and autumn for generally comfortable hiking conditions. Winter for snow. Summer is green and beautiful but can be hot, humid, and wet.

4. The Yeongnam Alps: Korea's Golden Ridges

Yeongnam Alps' silver grass.
Yeongnam Alps' silver grass. Photo: The Korea Economic Daily

The name can be confusing the first time you hear it.

No, the show has not suddenly moved to Switzerland.

The Yeongnam Alps are a group of mountains extending around Ulsan and neighboring parts of southeastern Korea. Nine of the mountains in the area rise above 1,000 meters.

The landscape is quite different from Seoraksan.

Instead of enormous granite formations, much of the appeal comes from long open ridges and fields of eulalia, or silver grass, which cover parts of the mountains in autumn.

This is the landscape that makes episodes 7–8 so tempting, in which the group takes on a three-peak challenge.

Do You Need to Do the Three-Peak Challenge?

No.

Strong hikers can link Ganwolsan, Sinbulsan and Yeongchuksan as a long traverse, closer to the challenge seen in the series.

Most travelers do not need to.

For a first visit, I would make Ganwoljae the goal. You still reach the broad ridge and famous silver-grass fields without turning the day into a three-summit endurance test.

The range covers a large area, so transport is not as simple as taking a subway to a Seoul mountain. Ulsan or Eonyang makes a useful base, and a car or taxi simplifies getting to the correct trailhead. Carry food and water because services on the ridge are limited.

The reward in autumn is one of Korea's most photogenic mountain landscapes. When the grass turns pale gold and moves in the wind, the ridge looks almost nothing like the densely wooded mountains you see elsewhere in the country.

Eonyang bulgogi is a must try.
Eonyang bulgogi is a must try. Photo: The JoongAng

After the hike, Eonyang bulgogi (marinated beef) is the obvious local meal.

If you have more time around Ulsan, Taehwagang National Garden and the rocky coast at Daewangam Park give you a completely different side of the region.

Best time to go: Autumn for the silver grass. Spring and early summer for greener and generally quieter trails.

5. Jirisan: The Final Climb to Cheonwangbong

Cheonwangbong summit at Jirisan.
Cheonwangbong summit at Jirisan. Photo: Yonhap News

The series saves its biggest team challenge for last.

In episode 10, the members split between the Baekmudong and Jungsanri routes before meeting again at Jangteomok Shelter. From there, they make the final climb to Cheonwangbong together.

By this point, it feels very different from their first miserable outing at Seoraksan. The four reluctant beginners who spent the season complaining their way up Korea's mountains are now taking on the highest peak on the Korean mainland as a team.

It is a fitting place to finish.

Jirisan National Park was designated in 1967 as South Korea's first national park. It spreads across three provinces, and its highest point, Cheonwangbong, reaches 1,915 meters—second only to Hallasan among South Korean peaks.

Which Route Should You Take?

Jirisan, Korea's oldest national park.
Jirisan, Korea's oldest national park. Photo: The JoongAng

If you want to follow the show, both routes used by the cast are possible.

Neither should be treated as an easy hike.

The Baekmudong route climbs through Sojibong to Jangteomok Shelter before the final ascent to Cheonwangbong. It is about 7.5 kilometers one way and takes roughly five to five and a half hours to reach the summit.

The Jungsanri route is shorter. From Jungsanri, the trail climbs past Kalbawi Rock and Rotary Shelter before reaching Cheonwangbong. It is about 5.4 kilometers one way and takes around four hours uphill.

Shorter does not mean easier. Jungsanri is steep and demanding, but it is the most direct standard route to Cheonwangbong.

Whichever you choose, treat Cheonwangbong as a full mountain day. Start early and check the national park's entry times, weather, and trail conditions before setting out.

If you want to experience Jirisan without committing to the summit, Seongsamjae to Nogodan is a much more manageable introduction. You begin high on the mountain and can enjoy Jirisan's open high-elevation scenery without spending most of the day climbing to Cheonwangbong.

The final protected section leading to Nogodan's summit is controlled, so check the national park reservation system before you go.

Where to Stay and What Else to Do

Sanchae Bibimbap, well-known around Jirisan.
Sanchae Bibimbap, well-known around Jirisan. Photo: Korea National Park Service

Jirisan is enormous. This is one mountain where deciding on your route before choosing accommodation matters.

Stay around Jungsanri in Sancheong if you want the shortest approach to Cheonwangbong. Stay near Baekmudong in Hamyang if you want to follow the route taken by the other half of the cast.

The two trailheads are on different sides of Jirisan, so this is not a place where you want to change your hiking plan at the last minute.

Bring enough food and water for the day. Jangteomok and Rotary shelters give hikers somewhere to stop and rest, but do not plan around buying a proper meal on the mountain.

Save that for afterward.

The villages around Jirisan are good places to look for sanchae bibimbap, made with seasoned mountain vegetables, as well as pajeon (savory pancakes) and the other hearty Korean dishes that consistently taste much better after several hours of hiking.

Jirisan is also large enough to justify more than a one-night stop. What you can easily visit depends on which side of the mountain you choose: Silsangsa Temple is an easy addition from the Namwon side, Daewonsa Valley from Sancheong, while Hwaeomsa Temple works naturally with a visit around Gurye and Nogodan.

Best time to go: Late spring for flowers and fresh mountain color, or autumn for foliage and generally clearer views. Summer turns the valleys deep green but can be hot and wet. In winter, Jirisan becomes a much more serious mountain and is best approached only with the experience and equipment for winter hiking.

Staying in Seoul? You Can Still Have a Take a Hike! Day

The view of Seoul city near the Baegundae summit.
The view of Seoul city near the Baegundae summit. Photo: News 1

There is one problem with all four mountains above: none of them are in Seoul.

If Take a Hike! makes you want to experience Korean hiking culture but you do not have time to restructure your trip around Sokcho, Taebaek, Jeju, Ulsan, or Gyeongsangnam-do, you are in luck. There are many mountains that are accessible in and around Seoul. For starters, I'd recommend Bukhansan.

It is not one of the show's main filming locations, but it may be the easiest mountain experience for an international visitor staying in the capital.

The old fortress walls on the way to Baegundae.
The old fortress walls on the way to Baegundae. Photo: KBS

Bukhansan rises directly along the northern side of Seoul. A hike toward Baegundae takes you through forest, old fortress walls, and increasingly steep granite terrain before opening onto a huge view over the city.

The strange thing about Bukhansan is how quickly Seoul disappears.

You can leave a subway station surrounded by apartment blocks and traffic, spend several hours climbing a mountain, and be back downtown for dinner. This is a mountain that is cherished and much visited by the locals, so don't be worried about climbing alone. 

But if you would rather hike with someone who knows the trails, there are also guided options from Seoul.

Compare guided Bukhansan hikes in Seoul.

For travelers who want the Korean hiking experience more than a specific Take a Hike! filming location, Bukhansan may actually be the most practical choice.

When Is the Best Time to Hike in Korea?

One thing Take a Hike! may give international viewers a slightly distorted impression of is the amount of snow involved.

The series was filmed as a winter hiking adventure. You certainly can hike Korea's mountains in winter, but you do not have to.

As a general rule:

  • Spring (April–May): Comfortable temperatures, new leaves, and spring flowers.

  • Summer (June–August): Very green, but also hot, humid, and much wetter. Start early and pay attention to heavy-rain forecasts.

  • Autumn (late September–early November): Probably the easiest season to recommend. Expect foliage, clearer skies, and, in the Yeongnam Alps, silver grass.

  • Winter (December–March): Beautiful, but snow and ice make familiar trails much more demanding. Proper footwear and traction may be necessary.

If this is your first mountain hike in Korea, I would choose spring or autumn.

Choose winter because you genuinely want a winter mountain—not simply because Na PD made four celebrities do it.

Which Take a Hike! Mountain Should You Choose?

If you are trying to turn the show into an actual Korea itinerary, I would choose based on the rest of your trip rather than trying to collect every mountain.

Choose Seoraksan if you want the most dramatic mountain scenery and can spend a night or two in Sokcho.

Choose Taebaeksan if the sunrise scenes appealed to you and you want a quieter destination with some history attached to the hike.

Choose Hallasan if Jeju is already part of your itinerary and you want one major mountain day.

Choose the Yeongnam Alps if you are traveling in autumn or exploring southeastern Korea.

Choose Jirisan for the highest mainland summit and the show’s ultimate hiking challenge.

Choose Bukhansan if you are staying in Seoul and simply want to understand why Koreans keep voluntarily walking up mountains on their weekends.

You certainly could build a trip around any one of them.

Pick one, give it a full day, and leave enough time for the meal afterward.

Is Netflix's Take a Hike! Worth Watching?

Netflix's Take a Hike!
Photo: Netflix

I started Take a Hike! expecting the usual Na PD formula to do most of the work: an unlikely group of people, an unpleasant mission, and plenty of complaining.

All of that is there.

What surprised me was how well the mountains and the subtle scenery gradually becomes part of the story.

The series never pretends that hiking is magical from beginning to end. Much of it is cold, repetitive, and exhausting. People get hungry. Legs hurt. Someone inevitably wonders how much farther there is to go.

Then they reach an open ridge. The clouds move. Someone pulls food out of a backpack. Everyone forgets, at least temporarily, how much they complained on the way up.

That is probably a more convincing advertisement for hiking in Korea than beautiful drone footage could ever be.

You may start Take a Hike! agreeing with the cast and wondering why anyone voluntarily climbs mountains.

You may finish it looking at a map of Korea and deciding which one to climb first.

More detailed mountain guides are coming, starting with Seoraksan. They will cover trail access and difficulty, transport and parking, food and drink availability, toilets and rest areas, seasonal planning, and other places worth visiting nearby.

Which Take a Hike! mountain would you choose?

Recommended tours
Guided Seoraksan hikes and day trips from Seoul.

Guided Hallasan and Jeju hiking experiences.

Guided Bukhansan hikes in Seoul.

Monday, August 31, 2026

Inherited Guilt vs. Inherited Wealth: Why Korea Is Still Fighting Over Pro-Japanese Collaborators More Than 80 Years Later


Ha Young's great-grandfather and member of the Taishō Friendship Association, Ahn Sang-ho.
Ha Young's great-grandfather and member of the Taishō Friendship Association, Ahn Sang-ho. Photo: Namu Wiki.

Written by Kim from All About K-Content

The controversy surrounding actress Ha Young began with a family story that drew attention: four generations of doctors, including a great-grandfather who had studied Western medicine in Japan.

Then historical records concerning her great-grandfather, physician Ahn Sang-ho, began circulating, including his involvement in organizations associated with Japanese colonial rule and records concerning his substantial landholdings.

As explained in Part 1, there is currently no proof that Ha Young’s present-day wealth came from land Ahn received as a reward for collaboration. Nor should Ha Young be considered guilty of actions carried out by an ancestor who died decades before she was born.

But the controversy exposed a much older Korean argument.

What happens when historical guilt dies with a person, but property and privilege do not?

That question explains why pro-Japanese collaborators (친일파, chinilpa) remain such an emotionally powerful subject in South Korea more than 80 years after liberation.


Chinilpa Was Never Only About Political Beliefs

"Shinto shrine worship", an act of forced loyalty to the Japanese Emperor.
"Shinto shrine worship", an act of forced loyalty to the Japanese Emperor, which upon disobedience, often led to imprisonment. Photo: Danbi News

Korea was formally under Japanese colonial rule from 1910 until Japan’s surrender in August 1945, although Japan’s political and economic encroachment had begun years earlier.

Colonial rule required more than Japanese officials.

Korean police officers, bureaucrats, businessmen, landowners, intellectuals and local elites participated in the system to varying degrees.

This is where historical discussions can become overly simplistic.

Not every Korean who held a job under Japanese rule can reasonably be placed in the same category. Living under colonial rule inevitably meant interacting with colonial institutions.

Historians therefore distinguish between ordinary participation in colonial society and more active forms of collaboration: helping suppress independence activists, advocating assimilation into the Japanese Empire, receiving titles or benefits from Japan, assisting wartime mobilization or using political connections with the colonial government for personal advancement.

The word chinilpa is most relevant when it refers to that latter group.

And the anger is not simply about what those individuals believed or did.

It is also about what some of them received.


Colonialism Changed the Rules Around Land and Wealth

Japanese land survey project in colonial era Korea.
Japanese land survey project in colonial era Korea. Photo: The JoongAng

Land is especially important to understanding this debate.

Beginning before annexation and continuing through the 1910s, Japan reorganized Korea’s system of land ownership. The colonial government's nationwide Land Survey Project converted the previous landscape of ownership, cultivation and customary rights into a more standardized system of formally registered property.

That produced cadastral records, clarified some property claims and created a more systematic basis for taxation.

It was also a politically charged project of modernization, being carried out by a colonial state reorganizing Korean land according to a legal system designed for its own administration.

Many existing private ownership claims were recognized. At the same time, some customary cultivation and reclamation rights did not fit neatly into the new system of exclusive ownership. Disputes also arose over land classified as state property, while older forms of public, communal and overlapping rights became more difficult to maintain.

Three Koreans shot for pulling up rails as a protest against seizure of land without payment by the Japanese, 1900s.
Three Korean civilians shot for pulling up rails as a protest against seizure of land without payment by the Japanese, 1900s. Photo: The passing of Korea

The result was not one simple process of seizure. It was a fundamental change in the legal rules governing land under an unequal colonial system.

Japanese companies and settlers subsequently acquired considerable amounts of Korean land through a mixture of state transfers, purchases and participation in the colonial economy. The powerful Oriental Development Company became one of the best-known examples.

None of this means that every wealthy Korean landowner during the colonial period obtained his property illegally.

Some inherited land. Some purchased it. Some operated businesses successfully within the colonial economy. Others benefited directly from their political relationship with the Japanese state.

The difficult question after 1945 was determining which was which.

Unfortunately, South Korea largely failed to answer that question in a timely manner when the evidence and people involved were still readily available.


Korea Did Try to Punish Collaborators After Liberation

The Special Investigation Committee on Anti-National Activities
The Special Investigation Committee on Anti-National Activities. Photo: Incheon Today

The idea that South Korea simply pardoned chinilpa from the beginning is not quite accurate.

After the Republic of Korea was established in 1948, the National Assembly passed the Anti-National Activities Punishment Act and created the Special Investigation Committee on Anti-National Activities, better known in Korean as the 반민특위 (Banmin Teukwi).

Its mission was extraordinary: investigate Koreans accused of collaborating with Japanese imperial rule and bring appropriate cases to trial.

The committee began arresting prominent figures.

Noh Deok-sul, who was eventually released without prosecution.
Noh Deok-sul (left), who was eventually released without prosecution. Photo: Ohmynews

Among them was Noh Deok-sul, a former colonial police officer accused of brutally torturing Korean independence activists. After liberation, however, Noh had joined the police establishment of the new, democratic South Korean state.

His arrest was therefore about more than one former colonial policeman.

It exposed a larger contradiction: some of the very people the new republic wanted to investigate for serving Japanese colonial rule had already become influential members of its current police and security apparatus.

That put the committee on a collision course with President Syngman Rhee.

Rhee argued that experienced police officers were needed to fight communist forces and repeatedly pushed back against the committee’s activities. After Noh’s arrest, Rhee demanded his release and publicly attacked the committee’s authority. 

“We are now at the very beginning of building our nation, and we must devote even greater effort to the work that lies ahead. Rather than allowing ourselves to be bound by the past and letting it become an obstacle to the future, we should renew the spirit of the people by clearing away the unresolved faults of the past…” (Rhee Syngman, January 10, 1949)

To outsiders, this may have appeared to be a simple rallying call for the nation to build itself up through greater unity. For the Korean people, however, this was nothing more than Rhee's gathering of political aides at the expense of turning a blind eye to the colonial "past". 

Then came June 6, 1949.


The Police Raided the Investigators

President Rhee Syngman
President Rhee Syngman. Photo: Incheon Today

Early that morning, armed police entered the Banmin Teukwi headquarters.

Committee personnel were detained. Members of its special police unit were disarmed and taken away. Its ability to conduct investigations was badly damaged.

This was not merely an unfortunate confrontation between competing government agencies.

After the raid, President Rhee publicly stated that the police action had been carried out on his instructions.

Committee investigators resigned soon afterward, and the institution never recovered its original power.

The numbers give some sense of how limited Korea's first attempt at reckoning ultimately became.

Newspaper articles from the period detailing President Rhee's opposition to Banmin Teukwi
Newspaper articles from the period detailing President Rhee's opposition to Banmin Teukwi. Photo: Ohmynews

One widely cited statistical records 688 cases handled, 305 arrests, 559 referrals to special prosecutors and 221 indictments. Of these investigations, only 38 cases reached completed judgments before the special system was dismantled.

Even some of the people who initially received serious sentences were later released or had their punishments reduced.

For a colonial period that had lasted 35 years, the investigative process was remarkably brief. This incident is widely referred to by Korean historians as "첫 단추를 잘못 끼우다", translated literally as "the first button that was fastened incorrectly"  meaning that the journey of the new democratic regime started off on the wrong foot.


Liberation Did Not Mean Everyone Started Again From Zero

The emergence of two-Koreas following the long-awaited independence; the result of two conflicting superpowers and their ideologies.
The emergence of two-Koreas following the long-awaited independence; the result of two opposing superpowers and their ideologies in one nation. Photo: All about K-Content

There was another reason the problem became so difficult.

When Japanese rule ended, South Korea did not immediately replace all of the institutions or personnel that had governed the country.

The U.S. military government, which administered southern Korea from 1945 until 1948, prioritized stability and retained significant parts of the existing bureaucracy and police structure. Officials and police who had served under the colonial system were among those employed after liberation. 

Then came the emerging Cold War, political violence, division of the peninsula and eventually the Korean War.

Under those conditions, anti-communism and state survival increasingly took priority over dismantling networks inherited from colonial rule.

This is essential to understanding modern anger surrounding chinilpa.

Imagine two Korean families standing in August 1945.

In one family, an ancestor had spent years participating in the independence movement. Perhaps that meant imprisonment, death, exile, lost income, confiscated property or decades spent outside Korea.

In another family, an ancestor had prospered during colonial rule, accumulating land, education, professional credentials and political connections.

These are simplified examples, of course. The real experiences of Korean families were much more complicated.

But they illustrate something important.

After liberation, those two families did not necessarily return to the same starting line.

A building remained a building.

Land remained land.

An elite education remained valuable.

Professional networks remained useful.

And property could be passed from parent to child.

This is the distinction at the center of the modern debate:

Guilt is personal. Wealth is transferable.

Photo: All about K-Content.

Korea Eventually Began Going After Chinilpa Property

Investigative Commission on Pro-Japanese Collaborators’ Property. The initiative first began in 2006, was decommisioned in 2010. Now it has been recreated and is reviewing cases.
Investigative Commission on Pro-Japanese Collaborators’ Property. The initiative first began in 2006, was decommissioned in 2010. Now it has been recreated and is reviewing cases. Photo: Yonhap News

Decades later, South Korea tried to address the property question once more.

A special law created a presidential commission tasked with identifying assets acquired as a result of serious pro-Japanese collaboration and returning qualifying property to the state.

Between 2006 and 2010, the Investigative Commission on Pro-Japanese Collaborators’ Property examined property connected to colonial collaborators.

By the end of its work, the commission had ordered the recovery of property associated with 168 individuals — 2,475 parcels covering approximately 13 square kilometers. Their estimated market value at the time was around 237.3 billion won.

That is an important figure, but the legal principle behind it is even more important.

“Inherited collaborator wealth” is not merely a phrase used in political arguments or on social media.

South Korean law formally recognizes a category of 친일재산 — property accumulated through specified forms of pro-Japanese anti-national collaboration during the colonial period.

The principle is not that a descendant committed the ancestor’s crime.

It is that property legally determined to have been accumulated through qualifying collaboration does not automatically become legitimate simply because it has passed through several generations.

That is a property question, not hereditary criminal guilt.


So Why Is Korea Still Investigating This in 2026?

The first launching of the property commission in 2006, which was decommissioned in 2010.
The first launching of the property commission in 2006, which was decommissioned in 2010. Photo: Incheon Today

So why Is Korea still investigating this in 2026? Because the process was never completed. 

The property commission ceased operating in 2010. South Korea was subsequently left without a dedicated commission carrying out the same investigative function, which made discovering and recovering additional collaboration-linked property more difficult.

In June 2026, South Korea enacted a new law recreating the Pro-Japanese Collaborators’ Property Investigation Commission.

The law was promulgated on June 2, 2026 and is scheduled to take effect on December 3, 2026.

On June 22, the Ministry of Justice formally launched a preparatory team to establish the new commission ahead of its return.

And the new legislation goes beyond simply searching for a surviving piece of land.

If qualifying collaboration-linked property was sold and can no longer be recovered directly, the law explicitly allows the state to pursue the proceeds received from its disposal.

At the same time, the law protects good-faith third parties who acquired property legitimately, reflecting the need to balance historical restitution with the security of later transactions.

In other words, 81 years after liberation, South Korea is still building institutions to answer property questions that its first post-liberation government never fully resolved.


Imagine a Different Postwar Germany

Former Nazi leader Hermann Göring standing in the prisoner's box during the Nuremberg trials.
Former Nazi leader Hermann Göring standing in the prisoner's box during the Nuremberg trials. Photo: Britannica.

For international readers, Germany can offer a useful thought experiment — although the histories of Nazi Germany and Japanese colonial rule in Korea are not equivalent.

Although different in many aspects, a useful comparison can be made between their respective, subsequent treatments after the end of each regime.

After the Second World War, senior figures of the Nazi regime were prosecuted at the International Military Tribunal at Nuremberg. That was followed by 12 Subsequent Nuremberg Trials involving 177 defendants, including doctors, judges, industrialists, diplomats, military officers and SS and police leaders.

The Allied occupation authorities also began creating systems for returning property taken from victims of Nazi persecution.

Historians may conclude that Germany's reckoning was incomprehensive. Former Nazi members returned to positions of influence. Numerous convicted figures were released early, and restitution disputes continued for decades.

However, let us imagine a different version of that history.

Imagine that soon after the war, Germany created a commission to investigate people who had served the previous regime — and police stormed its headquarters and dismantled its investigative force.

Imagine that many former officials of that regime remained useful to the new security establishment. Perhaps a serious process for determining whether particular fortunes had been accumulated through collaboration was delayed for decades.

Eighty years later, the descendants would not be Nazis merely because of their surnames.

But Germans might still reasonably ask:

Was the wealth ever properly examined?

That is the aspect of the German comparison that helps explain the Korean debate.

It is a thought experiment, one that can help explain what happens when a society's initial attempt at post-regime accountability is interrupted — and questions about property survive long after the people involved are gone.


This Is Why Chinilpa Is Not Simply a Debate About the Past

The second, pro-Japanese Collaborators’ Property Investigation Commission, 2026.
The second, pro-Japanese Collaborators’ Property Investigation Commission, 2026. (Photo: The JoongAng)

It is easy to reduce controversies like Ha Young’s to a question of whether modern Koreans are being too harsh about something an ancestor did generations ago.

Sometimes, they undoubtedly can be.

Social media encourages guilt by association. Historical nuance disappears quickly. And accusations of chinilpa can be weaponized politically or personally.

A descendant should not be ill-treated for certain family lineage.

But stopping the discussion there misses why the issue remains so powerful.

For many Koreans, the unresolved legacy of chinilpa is not really about inherited guilt.

It is about whether liberation ever fully addressed the distribution of wealth and power created under colonialism.

A person cannot inherit guilt.

They can inherit farmland.

They can inherit an apartment building.

They can inherit money, education, networks and the opportunities those advantages create.

None of that, by itself, makes the descendant guilty of anything.

But it does explain why Koreans continue asking where some family fortunes began — and why, more than eight decades after the Japanese Empire disappeared from the Korean Peninsula, South Korea is still trying to determine what should have happened to wealth accumulated through collaboration with it.

Saturday, August 29, 2026

Why Ha Young’s “Four Generations of Doctors” Comment Sparked Such Anger in Korea

Ha Young in Teach You a Lesson.
Ha Young in Teach You a Lesson. Photo: Netflix

Written by Kim from All About K-Content

Only months ago, actress Ha Young (하영) seemed to be in the middle of a major career breakthrough.

After making her drama debut in Doctor Prisoner in 2019 and appearing in various series including Extraordinary Attorney Woo and Doona!, she gained much wider recognition as nurse Cheon Jang-mi in Netflix’s 2025 medical hit The Trauma Code: Heroes on Call. The role earned her a Best New Actress award at the APAN Star Awards and helped turn her into a familiar face among international K-drama viewers.

Then came 2026.

She appeared in Boyfriend on Demand before taking a small but crucial role in Netflix’s Teach You a Lesson (참교육) as Choi Ga-yoon, a high school teacher, the fiancée of Kim Moo-yul’s Na Hwa-jin and the daughter of the education minister. Although her screen time was limited, Ga-yoon’s fate becomes one of the emotional forces driving the story.

Teach You a Lesson went on to become one of Netflix Korea’s biggest releases of the summer, holding No. 1 on Netflix’s Global Top 10 Non-English TV chart for two consecutive weeks and reaching the Top 10 in 91 countries.

Ha Young in Our Sticky Love
Ha Young in Our Sticky Love. Photo: Money Today.

By August, Ha Young had landed her first romantic-comedy lead opposite Jung Hae-in in Netflix’s Our Sticky Love (이런 엿 같은 사랑).

And then, during a television appearance intended to promote that drama, a seemingly harmless story about her family changed the conversation around her almost overnight.

A Story About “Four Generations of Doctors”

Ha Young on Problem Child in House
Ha Young on Problem Child in House. Photo: KBS

On August 7, 2026, Ha Young and Jung Hae-in appeared on KBS2 variety show Problem Child in House (옥탑방의 문제아들).

During the program, Ha Young proudly spoke about coming from what was described as a four-generation medical family.

Her great-grandfather had been a doctor. So had her grandfather and father, while her older sister also became a physician.

Ha Young explained that, her great-grandfather had studied Western medicine in Japan before returning to Korea, where he became one of the country's earliest doctors to open a Western-style medical clinic. The program also highlighted his connection to the royal family, including his treatment of Emperor Gojong (1852 - 1919).

Taken on its own, it sounded like the sort of impressive family anecdote that regularly appears on Korean variety programs.

A rising actress from an accomplished family. Four generations of doctors. A great-grandfather connected to the Korean royal court.

But viewers soon began asking a different question.

Who exactly was her great-grandfather?

Viewers Identified Him as Ahn Sang-ho

Ahn Sang-ho (안상호)
Ha Young's great-grandfather, Ahn Sang-ho. Photo: JTBC

Ha Young had not named him during the broadcast, but details about his medical career led viewers and media outlets to identify her great-grandfather as Ahn Sang-ho (안상호), an early Western-trained Korean physician.

There was nothing fictional about his prestigious biography.

Ahn studied at a medical school in Tokyo and was among the earliest Koreans to receive a Japanese medical qualification. He later opened a clinic in Seoul and served in medical positions connected to Korea's royal household.

But his biography did not end there.

As people began searching historical records, another part of Ahn's life resurfaced: his activities during the Japanese colonial period.

That transformed what had begun as celebrity trivia into a debate over 친일파 (chinilpa), often translated as “pro-Japanese collaborators” — Koreans who cooperated with or supported Japanese imperial rule during Korea’s colonial period (1910-1945)

For international readers, that wording is important. In this historical context, “pro-Japanese” does not simply mean someone who liked Japan or supported friendly relations between the two countries. The term carries the far heavier implication of collaboration with the Japanese colonial state that ruled Korea from 1910 to 1945.

The Taishō Friendship Association Became a Major Focus

The now-demolished Japanese Colonial Government of Korea.
The now-demolished Japanese Colonial Government of Korea. Photo: The Seoul Museum of History 

One of the first records to attract attention showed Ahn Sang-ho serving as a council member of the Taishō Friendship Association (대정친목회) in 1916. 

The association brought together prominent Koreans with influential Japanese residents, officials and other members of colonial society. Its purpose centered on what was called naeseon yunghwa (내선융화) — promoting closer integration between Koreans and Japanese under imperial rule.

In practice, this meant encouraging cooperation between Korean elites and the Japanese colonial establishment and promoting the idea that Korea should become increasingly assimilated into the Japanese Empire.

Its Korean participants included members of the old aristocracy, wealthy landowners, businessmen and other influential figures, while Japanese officials and prominent residents also participated. In its later structure, Korean elites increasingly occupied the organization’s active leadership while Japanese members often appeared in advisory roles.

That context matters because the Taishō Friendship Association was not simply a neutral Korea-Japan cultural exchange group.

The Institute for Research in Collaborationist Activities (민족문제연구소), one of South Korea’s most prominent organizations researching colonial collaboration, argues that Ahn’s participation in the group should be understood as part of his record of cooperation with colonial rule. 

And the association was not the only historical record the Institute highlighted.

His Colonial-Era Record Went Beyond One Organization

The assassination of Ito Hirobumi by activist Ahn Jung-geun
The assassination of Ito Hirobumi by activist Ahn Jung-geun. Photo: Park Young-sun

In an August 14 statement addressing the controversy, the Institute presented several additional examples from Ahn’s later career.

According to the organization, Ahn participated in preparations connected to a memorial for Ito Hirobumi, the Japanese statesman assassinated by Korean independence activist Ahn Jung-geun.

Ahn Sang-ho was also repeatedly appointed to the Keijō municipal advisory council under Japanese colonial rule, headed a financial cooperative and later participated in the Dongminhoe, an organization associated with opposition to anti-Japanese activism.

The Institute also pointed to a 1918 colonial newspaper coverage that presented Ahn’s household as an example of successful Korean-Japanese assimilation.

Taken together, those records made it increasingly difficult to present Ahn’s biography solely as the story of a pioneering doctor.

But there is an important complication.

Ahn Sang-ho Was Not Officially Listed as a Pro-Japanese Anti-National Actor

The three-volume encyclopedia detailing more than 4000 historical records of Pro-Japanese collaborators.
The three-volume encyclopedia detailing more than 4000 historical records of Pro-Japanese collaborators. Photo: Siminsori.

Much of the online discussion quickly began speaking about Ahn as though his official historical classification were already settled.

It is not quite that simple.

Ahn Sang-ho was not included in the 2009 Encyclopedia of Pro-Japanese Collaborators (친일인명사전) published by the Institute for Research in Collaborationist Activities. 

He was also not among the individuals formally designated by the South Korean government’s Truth Commission on Pro-Japanese Anti-National Activities.

The Institute has since explained that Ahn’s absence from its encyclopedia should not be interpreted as proof that he did not collaborate. According to the organization, his case did not meet its selection threshold when the encyclopedia was compiled, while additional historical materials have since been examined. 

That distinction is worth preserving.

There is documentary evidence of Ahn participating in colonial-era organizations, and the Institute considers several of those activities clearly collaborationist.

But saying that is different from claiming that he received an official government designation that he did not receive.

In a controversy already fueled by social media, historical precision matters. Historian Shim Yong-hwan, for example, warned against taking isolated pieces of historical information and immediately attaching the strongest possible label to an individual.

The Agency’s First Response Made the Situation Worse

Bistus Entertainment
Photo: Bistus Entertainment

Facing these allegations, Ha Young’s agency initially responded forcefully.

On August 10, Bistus Entertainment confirmed that Ahn Sang-ho was indeed Ha Young’s great-grandfather but described the allegations surrounding his pro-Japanese activities as “groundless.”

A day later, the agency changed its position.

It acknowledged that records did show Ahn’s name among the Taishō Friendship Association’s council members in 1916 and apologized for issuing its earlier statement without conducting sufficient verification.

Ha Young then issued a handwritten apology on August 12.

She said that she had known only fragments of her great-grandfather’s story through what had been passed down within her family and admitted that she had previously discussed that history with pride without understanding the controversial parts of his record.

She apologized “as a descendant” and said she would study the history more seriously.

By then, the controversy had already moved far beyond online debate.

The Problem Child in House episode was removed from replay availability, and related clips were made private. Advertising videos featuring Ha Young from Samsung Electronics and clothing brand ATID were also made unavailable, while promotional interviews for Our Sticky Love were canceled.

For an actress whose visibility had surged through The Trauma Code and Teach You a Lesson, the change was remarkably sudden.

But Isn’t It Too Harsh to Blame Someone for Her Great-Grandfather?

For many international readers, this may be the most natural reaction to the controversy.

Ha Young was born decades after Korea was liberated from Japanese rule.

She did not choose her ancestry.

She did not participate in Ahn Sang-ho’s political activities.

So why should she be punished for something her great-grandfather may have done nearly a century ago?

The simplest answer is:

She shouldn't be.

Even the Institute for Research in Collaborationist Activities — which has taken one of the stronger positions on Ahn's historical conduct — explicitly warned against hereditary punishment.

A modern society cannot treat political guilt as hereditary.

But that is not quite where the Korean debate is focused on.

What makes this controversy much more complex is that many Koreans believe there is another question hiding underneath it:

Guilt cannot be inherited. But can advantage be inherited?

The Emergence of Land Records

The property located at 235 Geumjeong-ri, Nam-myeon, Siheung-gun, Gyeonggi-do, as recorded in land survey documents from the Japanese colonial period. The land survey register lists An Sang-ho as the owner of 2,700 pyeong of paddy fields.
The property located at 235 Geumjeong-ri, Nam-myeon, Siheung-gun, Gyeonggi-do, as recorded in land survey documents from the Japanese colonial period. The land survey register lists An Sang-ho as the owner of 2,700 pyeong of paddy fields. Photo: Weekly Kyunghyang

On August 20, Weekly Kyunghyang reported finding colonial-era land records showing that Ahn Sang-ho owned approximately 2,700 pyeong — around 8,900 square meters — of rice fields in what is now Gunpo, Gyeonggi Province.

The property was located near the Gyeongbu railway line.

Other historical material indicates that Ahn was also known as a major landowner around Anyang, and reports published after his death described him as an extremely wealthy man.

That discovery immediately intensified the controversy.

But there is an important line that should not be crossed.

The existence of the land does not prove that Japan confiscated it from Koreans and gave it to Ahn as a reward for collaboration.

Researchers have not yet established exactly when he acquired the Gunpo property, how much he paid for it or the precise circumstances under which it came into his possession.

Nor has it been proven that Ha Young’s branch of the family inherited that specific property or received later compensation when portions of the area were acquired for roads and railway infrastructure.

Those are still open questions.

Yet the issue has become significant enough to reach the National Assembly.

Member of Parliament, Park Eun-jung speaking on the land records.
Member of Parliament, Park Eun-jung speaking on the land records. Photo: National Assembly Television

On August 21, lawmaker Park Eun-jung raised the newly uncovered land records during a National Assembly Judiciary Committee meeting and called for Ahn’s property history to be examined when South Korea’s renewed investigation into collaboration-linked assets begins operating.

And that is where the Ha Young controversy stops being only a celebrity scandal.

Why This History Still Feels Unfinished in Korea

The independence celebrations in Korea on August 15, 1945
The independence celebrations in Korea on August 15, 1945. Photo: Encyclopedia of Korean Culture

To someone outside Korea, events from the Japanese colonial period of 1910 to 1945 can understandably feel like distant history.

But the debate surrounding 친일파 (chinilpa) has never been only about what particular individuals believed or did 100 years ago.

It is also about what happened to their wealth, property, education, professional connections and social influence after liberation.

Did those advantages disappear when colonial rule ended?

Or were they passed down?

And what happened, by comparison, to families whose ancestors lost careers, property, freedom or even their lives while resisting Japanese rule?

Those questions are particularly sensitive because South Korea’s early attempt to systematically investigate colonial collaborators after liberation ultimately collapsed amid intense political interference.

As a result, many Koreans do not see the issue as a historical chapter that was conclusively investigated, judged and closed.

They see an unfinished question.

That is why Ha Young’s “four generations of doctors” story provoked such an unexpectedly strong reaction.

Before the controversy, the phrase represented something enviable: educational achievement, professional prestige and an extraordinary family legacy stretching across generations.

Once Ahn Sang-ho’s colonial-era activities resurfaced, however, some people began asking a much more uncomfortable question:

Where did that successful family story begin — and what historical circumstances helped make it possible?

At present, there is no evidence proving that Ha Young’s career or current family wealth derives from property obtained through colonial collaboration.

That fact should not be blurred simply because the controversy is emotionally charged.

But understanding the Korean reaction requires recognizing another distinction.

Inherited guilt and inherited advantage are not the same thing.

A person should not inherit the guilt of an ancestor.

But wealth, land, education and social status absolutely can travel across generations.

And in a country still debating what happened to the fortunes and influence accumulated under Japanese colonial rule, that distinction is why a seemingly ordinary celebrity interview about a “family of doctors” became one of Korea’s most heated entertainment controversies of the summer.